Ethnic-regional Identity of Polish Youth in Šalčininkai District

Abstract

This article examines the intersection of regional and ethnic identity among the Polish youth in the Šalčininkai District by analysing theoretical literature and empirical field research data.
Anthropological field research was conducted during the summer months from 2016 to 2019 and from 10 February 2024 to 31 October 2024. The data was gathered using qualitative methods, including observation, participant observation, and semi-structured interviews. This article draws on the data from 10 young ethnic Poles (6 women and 4 men).
The findings suggest that regional and ethnic identities share three key points of convergence: 1) both are rooted in an individual’s identification with a specific territory, 2) both are shaped by a common language and culture, and 3) both rely on a shared group name.
The data reveals that a segment of young people living in the Šalčininkai District who identify as Poles perceive their identity through the lens of ethnic-regional belonging. Participants in the study expressed a strong attachment to their home territory, emphasising that both they and their ancestors were born in what is now the Šalčininkai District. This deep-rooted connection fosters a sense of emotional and historical belonging to the land.
Additionally, young people closely identify with the local culture and language of the Šalčininkai District. They recognise distinct cultural and linguistic differences between themselves and ethnic Poles living in other regions of Lithuania or abroad. These differences reinforce their sense of belonging to their ‘own’ land and help differentiate them from Poles in other areas.
Finally, participants identify with specific group names that define the Polish community in Šalčininkai, such as ‘miejscowy Polak’ and ‘lokalny Polak’. The term ‘tutejszy Polak’ is used less frequently. All these terms mean ‘local Pole’. These labels signify individuals who share the key identity markers: the regional Polish language, cultural traditions, and a strong connection to their homeland.